Consensus.

PREPARE proposes a block. COMMIT locks it. DECIDE finalizes. Validators sign each phase; quorum certificates anchor the chain.

Validators with attested TEE hardware receive 1.5× weight in leader rotation. The EpochManager rotates committees at epoch boundaries with atomic transitions.

EquivocationDetector is wired into the VoteCollector. Double votes trigger SlashingCallback, which slashes 10% of validator stake via the staking manager.

Timeout-driven view changes recover from a missing or Byzantine leader without halting. The FinalityTracker records the last decided height.

Data dissemination is decoupled from ordering. Producers assemble pending transactions into batches and disseminate them ahead of ordering; a batch is availability-certified once 2f+1 stake-weight signs that it holds the body. A proposal then references the certified batch prefix — an ordered list agreed deterministically by (producer, sequence) — rather than re-broadcasting full transaction bodies to every validator. At larger validator-set sizes batches are erasure-coded (n = 3f+1 slivers, any 2f+1 reconstruct) so no single node uploads the full body to every peer. Certificates are evicted once their transactions finalize.